In Korean, “있다” (pronounced “it-da”) means “to have” or “to exist,” while “없다” (pronounced “eobt-da”) means “to not have” or “to not exist.” These verbs are commonly used to indicate the presence or absence of something.

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Question Form 있어요/없어요?

You add a question mark to ‘있어요/없어요’ to form a sentence.

집에 강아지가 있어요/없어요?
Do you have / Don’t you have a dog at home?

돈이 있어요/없어요?
Do you have / Don’t you have any money?

우산이 있어요/없어요?
Do you have / Don’t you have an umbrella?

이/가

이/가 (Subject Particle) marks the subject of the sentence, indicating who or what is performing the action.

consonant + 이 (i)
시간이 없어요 (There is no time)
쇼핑몰이 없어요 (There’s no shopping mall)

vowel + 가 (ga)
고양이가 있어요 (There’s a cat)
자리가 있어요 (There’s a seat)

Examples

1. 저희 집에는 고양이가 있어요. (We have a cat at home.)
2. 커피가 있어요? (Is there coffee?)
3. 오늘은 시간이 없어요. (I don’t have time today.)
4. 여기에는 펜이 없어요. (There is no pen here.)
5. 그 회의실에는 사람이 없어요. (There is no one in that meeting room.)
6. 우리 반에는 한국인이 있어요. (There is a Korean person in our class.)
7. 주차장에 자리가 있어요? (Is there a parking spot available?)
8. 저녁에는 항상 일이 많아서 시간이 없어요. (I always have a lot of work in the evenings so I don’t have time.)
9. 영화관에는 우리가 보고 싶은 영화가 없어요. (There are no movies we want to see at the movie theater.)
10. 책상 위에 연필이 없어요. (There is no pencil on the desk.)
11. 여기에는 친구들이 많이 있어요. (There are many friends here.)
12. 이 도시에는 쇼핑몰이 많이 있어요. (There are many shopping malls in this city.)
13. 아침에는 항상 시간이 없어요. (I never have time in the morning.)

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